门 (生物)

跳转到： 导航, 搜索
中医宝典 > 门 (生物)
生物分类学
分类单元
域 | 界 | 门 | 纲
目 | 科 | 属 | 种
二名法
三域系统
非细胞生物
细胞生物

门（英文：动物界的门为Phylum，植物界的门为Division[1]）是生物分类法中的一级，位于界和纲之间，有时在门下也分亚门。目前动物界拥有35个门，植物界则拥有12个门，许多门种类繁多，例如蜕皮动物与有胚植物。

目录

  1. 动物门
  2. 植物门
  3. 参考资料
  4. 外部连结
  5. 参考来源

动物门


门 涵义 名称 分类特征 种类
棘头动物门Thorny headed wormsThorny-headed wormsReversible spiny proboscisapprox. 756
无腔动物门Without gutAcoelsNo mouth or alimentary canal (alimentary canal = digestive tract in digestive system)
环节动物门Little ringSegmented worms生物体柔软，分节17,000+ extant
节肢动物门Jointed footArthropods甲壳素外骨骼1,134,000+
腕足动物门Arm footLamp shellsLophophore，有肉茎300-500 extant
外肛动物门Moss animalsMoss animals, sea matsLophophore，没有肉茎，ciliated tentacles5,000 extant
毛颚动物门Longhair jawArrow worms在头和鳍的两边均有几丁质组成的尖刺approx. 100 extant
脊索动物门CordChordatesHollow dorsal nerve cord, 脊索, pharyngeal slits, endostyle, 肛门approx. 100,000+
刺胞动物门Stinging nettleCoelenteratesNematocysts (stinging cells)approx. 11,000
栉水母动物门Comb bearerComb jelliesEight "comb rows" of fused ciliaapprox. 100 extant
环口动物门Wheel carryingSymbionCircular mouth surrounded by small cilia3+
棘皮动物门Spiny skinEchinodermsFivefold radial symmetry in living forms, mesodermal calcified spinesapprox. 7,000 extant; approx. 13,000 extinct
内肛动物门Inside anusGoblet wormAnus inside ring of ciliaapprox. 150
腹毛动物门Hair stomachMeiofaunaTwo terminal adhesive tubesapprox. 690
颚胃动物门Jaw orificeJaw wormsapprox. 100
半索动物门Half cordAcorn worms, pterobranchsStomochord in collar, pharyngeal slitsapprox. 100 extant
动吻动物门Motion snoutMud dragonsEleven segments, each with a dorsal plateapprox. 150
铠甲动物门Corset bearerBrush headsUmbrella-like scales at each endapprox. 122
微颚动物门Tiny jaw animals—Accordion like extensible thorax1
软件动物门SoftMollusks / molluscsMuscular foot and mantle round shell112,000[2]
线虫动物门Thread likeRound wormsRound cross section, keratin cuticle80,000–1,000,000
线形动物门Thread formHorsehair wormsapprox. 320
纽形动物门A sea nymphRibbon wormsapprox. 1,200
有爪动物门Claw bearerVelvet wormsLegs tipped by chitinous clawsapprox. 200 extant
直泳虫门Straight swimSingle layer of ciliated cells surrounding a mass of sex cellsapprox. 20
帚虫动物门Zeus's mistressHorseshoe wormsU-shaped gut20
扁盘动物门Plate animals1
扁形动物门Flat wormsFlat wormsapprox. 25,000[3]
多孔动物门*Pore bearerSpongesPerforated interior wall5,000+ extant
鳃曳动物门Little Priapus16
菱形虫门Lozenge animal—Single axial cell surrounded by ciliated cells75
轮形动物门Wheel bearerRotifersAnterior crown of ciliaapprox. 2,000
星虫动物门Small tubePeanut wormsMouth surrounded by invertible tentacles144–320
缓步动物门Slow stepWater bearsFour segmented body and head1,000+
异涡动物门Strange flatworm—Ciliated deuterostome2
Total: 352,000,000-
原口动物两侧对称动物
后口动物
存有争议
其他

植物门

门涵义名称特征
角苔门Flower-horn plantsHornworts喇叭状的孢子体，无维管束系统
苔藓植物门苔藓植物Mosses长寿的不分枝孢子体，无维管束系统
地钱门Marchantia plantsLiverworts短暂的不分枝孢子体，无维管束系统
石松门Wolf foot plantsClubmosses & Spikemosses小型叶，具维管束系统
蕨类植物门蕨类植物Ferns & HorsetailsProthallus gametophytes, 具维管束系统
种子蕨门有种子的蕨Seed ferns只从化石得知，多从泥盆纪，有争议[4]
松柏门Sap/pitch plantsConifersCones containing seeds and wood composed of tracheids
苏铁门CycadsSeeds, crown of compound leaves
银杏门银杏Ginkgo, MaidenhairSeeds not protected by fruit (single species)
买麻藤门GnetophytesSeeds and woody vascular system with vessels
被子植物门开花植物Flowering plantsFlowers and fruit, vascular system with vessels

参考资料

  1. ↑ Life sciences. The American Heritage New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy. third. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2005 [2008-10-04]. "Phyla in the plant kingdom are frequently called divisions." 
  2. ↑ Feldkamp, S. (2002) Modern Biology. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, USA. (pp. 725)
  3. ↑ Species Register. Flatworms — Phylum Platyhelminthes. Marine Discovery Centres [2007-04-09]. 
  4. ↑ "Kingdom Plantae Tree of Life". 

外部连结

参考来源