柳

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中医宝典 > 柳
 
如何读生物分类框
柳
垂柳 Salix x babylonica
垂柳 Salix x babylonica
垂柳 Salix × sepulcralis
垂柳 Salix × sepulcralis
科学分类
域：真核域 Eukarya
界：植物界 Plantae
门：被子植物门 Magnoliophyta
纲：双子叶植物纲 Magnoliopsida
目：金虎尾目 Malpighiales
科：杨柳科 Salicaceae
属：柳属 Salix
品种

约400种[1]，详见柳属植物列表。

柳树花絮特写。

柳，或柳树，是对柳属（Salix）植物的统称，其下共有四百多种物种[1]，常见于北半球的寒带及温带的湿润泥土。

柳属植物要进行杂交非常容易，不论是天然或是人工的混种都很普遍。举例： A well-known ornamental example is the weeping willow (Salix × sepulcralis) 就是由来自欧洲的白柳（Salix alba）跟来自中国的垂柳杂交而得。

目录

  1. 主要品种
  2. 参看
  3. 参考资料
  4. 参考来源

主要品种

参看：柳属植物列表

柳属植物包括有差不多400个品种[1]的落叶乔木及灌木，以下为部份在世上较常见的品种：

  • Salix acutifolia Willd. – long-leaved violet willow
  • Salix aegyptiaca L.
  • Salix alaxensis (Andersson) Coville
  • Salix alba L. – 白柳
  • Salix amplexicaulis Bory & Chaub.
  • Salix amygdaloides Andersson – peachleaf willow
  • Salix ansoniana J. Forbes
  • Salix apennina A. K. Skvortsov
  • Salix apoda Trautv.
  • Salix appendiculata Vill.
  • Salix arbuscula L.
  • Salix arctica Pall. – 北极柳
  • Salix argyracea E. L. Wolf
  • Salix arizonica Dorn
  • Salix armenorossica A. K. Skvortsov
  • Salix atrocinerea Brot. – grey willow
  • Salix aurita L. – Eared Willow
  • Salix babylonica L. – 垂柳
  • Salix balfouriana C. K. Schneid.
  • Salix barclayi Andersson
  • Salix bebbiana Sarg. – beaked willow, long-beaked willow, and Bebb's willow
  • Salix bicolor Willd.
  • Salix bikouensis Y. L. Chou
  • Salix bonplandiana Kunth – Bonpland willow
  • Salix boothii Dorn – Booth's willow
  • Salix brachycarpa Nutt.
  • Salix breviserrata Flod.
  • Salix breweri Bebb – Brewer's willow
  • Salix burqinensis Chang Y. Yang
  • Salix caesia Vill.
  • Salix calcicola Fern. & Wieg. – limestone willow
  • Salix calliantha J.Kern.
  • Salix canariensis Chr. Sm.
  • Salix candida Flüggé ex Willd. – sageleaf willow
  • Salix cantabrica Rech. f.
  • Salix capensis Thunb.
  • Salix capitata Y. L. Chou & Skvortsov
  • Salix caprea L. – Goat willow, pussywillow or pussy willow
  • Salix capusii Franch.
  • Salix carmanica Bornm.
  • Salix caroliniana Michx. – coastal plain willow
  • Salix caspica Pall.
  • Salix cavaleriei H. Lév.
  • Salix chaenomeloides Kimura
  • Salix cinerea L. – grey willow
  • Salix cordata Michx. – sand dune willow, furry willow, or heartleaf willow
  • Salix delnortensis C.K.Schneid. – Del Norte willow
  • Salix discolor Muhl. – American willow
  • Salix drummondiana Barratt ex Hook. – Drummond's willow
  • Salix eastwoodiae Cockerell ex A.Heller – Eastwood's willow, mountain willow, or Sierra willow
  • Salix eriocephala Michx.
  • Salix excelsa S. G. Gmel.
  • Salix exigua Nutt. – sandbar willow, narrowleaf willow, or coyote willow
  • Salix fargesii Burkill
  • Salix floderusii Nakai
  • Salix fluviatilis Nutt.
  • Salix foetida Schleich. ex DC.
  • Salix fragilis L. – Crack Willow
  • Salix geyeriana Andersson – Geyer's willow
  • Salix gilgiana Seemen
  • Salix glabra Scop.
  • Salix glauca L.
  • Salix glaucosericea Flod.
  • Salix gooddingii C. R. Ball – Goodding's willow, or Goodding's black willow
  • Salix gordejevii Y. L. Chang & Skvortsov
  • Salix graciliglans Nakai
  • Salix gracilistyla Miq.
  • Salix guebriantiana – 细序柳[2]
  • Salix hastata L.
  • Salix hegetschweileri Heer
  • Salix helvetica Vill.
  • Salix herbacea L. – dwarf willow, least willow or snowbed willow
  • Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook. – dune willow, coastal willow, or Hooker's willow
  • Salix humboldtiana Willd.
  • Salix humilis Marshall
  • Salix hylematica C. K. Schneid.
  • Salix integra Thunb.
  • Salix irrorata Andersson
  • Salix japonica Thunb.
  • Salix jejuna Fernald – barrens willow
  • Salix jepsonii C.K.Schneid. – Jepson's willow
  • Salix jessoensis Seemen
  • Salix koreensis Andersson
  • Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz
  • Salix laevigata Bebb – red willow or polished willow
  • Salix lanata L. – woolly willow
  • Salix lapponum L.
  • Salix lasiolepis Benth. – arroyo willow
  • Salix lemmonii Bebb – Lemmon's willow
  • Salix ligulifolia C.R.Ball – strapleaf willow
  • Salix linearistipularis (Franch.) K. S. Hao
  • Salix longiflora Andersson
  • Salix longistamina Z. Wang & P. Y. Fu
  • Salix lucida Muhl. – shining willow, Pacific willow, or whiplash willow
  • Salix lutea Nutt. – yellow willow
  • Salix magnifica Hemsl.
  • Salix matsudana Koidz. – 旱柳（中国柳）
  • Salix maximowiczii Kom.
  • Salix medwedewii Dode
  • Salix melanopsis Nutt. – dusky willow
  • Salix microstachya Turcz.
  • Salix mielichhoferi Saut.
  • Salix miyabeana Seemen
  • Salix moupinensis Franch.
  • Salix mucronata - Cape silver willow
  • Salix muscina Dode ex Flod.
  • Salix myricoides Muhl.
  • Salix myrsinifolia Salisb.
  • Salix myrsinites L.
  • Salix myrtilloides L. – swamp willow
  • Salix neowilsonii W. P. Fang
  • Salix nigra Marshall – black willow
  • Salix nivalis Hook.
  • Salix orestera C.K.Schneid. – Sierra willow or gray-leafed Sierra willow
  • Salix paraplesia C. K. Schneid.
  • Salix pauciflora Koidz.
  • Salix pedicellata Desf.
  • Salix pellita Andersson
  • Salix pentandra L. – bay willow
  • Salix petiolaris Sm.
  • Salix phlebophylla Andersson
  • Salix phylicifolia L.
  • Salix planifolia Pursh. – diamondleaf willow or tea-leafed willow
  • Salix polaris Wahlenb. – polar willow
  • Salix prolixa Andersson – MacKenzie's willow
  • Salix pseudotangii – 山柳
  • Salix purpurea L. – purple willow or purple osier
  • Salix pyrenaica Gouan
  • Salix pyrifolia Andersson
  • Salix pyrolifolia Ledeb.
  • Salix rehderiana C. K. Schneid.
  • Salix repens L.
  • Salix reptans Rupr.
  • Salix reticulata L. – net-veined willow
  • Salix retusa L.
  • Salix retusoides J.Kern.
  • Salix rorida Lacksch.
  • Salix rosmarinifolia L.
  • Salix sajanensis Nasarow
  • Salix salviifolia Brot.
  • Salix schwerinii E. L. Wolf
  • Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. – Scouler's willow
  • Salix sericea Marshall – silky willow
  • Salix serissima (L. H. Bailey) Fernald
  • Salix serpyllifolia Scop.
  • Salix sessilifolia Nutt. – northwest sandbar willow
  • Salix sitchensis C. A. Sanson ex Bong. – Sitka willow
  • Salix siuzevii Seemen
  • Salix starkeana Willd.
  • Salix subopposita Miq.
  • Salix subserrata Willd.
  • Salix suchowensis W. C. Cheng
  • Salix sungkianica Y. L. Chou & Skvortsov
  • Salix taxifolia Kunth – yew-leaf willow
  • Salix tenuijulis Ledeb.
  • Salix tetrasperma Roxb. – Indian willow
  • Salix tetradenia – 山黑柳[3]
  • Salix triandra L. – 杏柳/三蕊柳
  • Salix turanica Nasarow
  • Salix turfacea G. Haller ex Münchh.
  • Salix udensis Trautv. & C. A. Mey.
  • Salix uva-ursi Pursh. – bearberry willow
  • Salix variegata Franch.
  • Salix vestita Pursh. – silky willow
  • Salix viminalis L. – 柳条
  • Salix vulpina Andersson
  • Salix waldsteiniana Willd.
  • Salix wallichiana Andersson
  • Salix wilhelmsiana M. Bieb.
  • Salix wilsonii Seemen
  • Salix yezoalpina Koidz.


参看

参考资料

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mabberley, D.J.. The Plant Book. Cambridge University Press #2: Cambridge.. 1997. 
  2. ↑ http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=210001929
  3. ↑ http://big5.wiki8.com/shanheiliu_78674/
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维基物种中的分类信息：
柳

参考来源